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   安装操作系统

首先，安装一种虚拟机软件，例如virtualbox， 然后配置一台linux虚拟机，内存分配至少10GB，注意如果内存设置太少，会导致CELLSRV服务无法启动（具体报错信息，可参考后续内容）；分配两块网卡，eth0为管理网卡，eth1为IB心跳网卡。（注意：其实分配一块网卡就够，但为了最大程度地模拟exadata的存储节点，所以将管理网与IB网分离。）

在虚拟机中安装Oracle Linux 6.6操作系统，整个操作系统的安装过程比较简单，只需要注意的是在安装过程中选上"软件开发"即可。

 

 

安装系统包

mkdir /mnt/cdrom

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

 

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

rm -rf public-yum-ol6.repo

vi cdrom-oel6.repo

添加如下内容:

[base]

name=iso

baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1

gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle

 

# yum install -y lm_sensors net-snmp net-snmp-utils perl-Compress-Zlib perl-HTML-Parser perl-libwww-perl perl-HTML-Tagset

 

系统网络配置

1、网络配置如下:

[root@cell03 ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0

TYPE=Ethernet

UUID=997505ac-4d9a-47cc-a5ae-452c9f185fcb

ONBOOT=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=yes

BOOTPROTO=none

HWADDR=08:00:27:3E:67:F7

IPADDR=192.168.56.165

PREFIX=24

GATEWAY=192.168.56.1

DEFROUTE=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes

IPV6INIT=no

NAME="System eth0"

[root@cell03 ~]#

[root@cell03 ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

DEVICE=eth1

TYPE=Ethernet

UUID=0a4024ae-8ae7-480e-8a7f-2ddd8ae0db59

ONBOOT=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=yes

BOOTPROTO=none

HWADDR=08:00:27:3A:A4:CB

IPADDR=10.0.0.15

PREFIX=24

DEFROUTE=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes

IPV6INIT=no

NAME="System eth1"

[root@cell03 ~]#

 

 

2、host文件配置

[root@cell03 ~]# more /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

 

192.168.56.162 dmdb02.oracle.com dmdb02

10.0.0.12 dmdb02-priv.oracle.com dmdb02-priv

 

192.168.56.165 cell03.oracle.com cell03

10.0.0.15 cell03-priv.oracle.com cell03-priv

 

[root@cell03 ~]#

 

创建目录

# mkdir /var/log/oracle

# chmod 775 /var/log/oracle

# mkdir /opt/oracle

# chmod 775 /opt/oracle

 

 

配置系统内核

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

添加如下内容：

fs.file-max = 65536

fs.aio-max-nr=50000000

vm.min_free_kbytes=512000

net.core.rmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.rmem_max = 8388608

net.core.wmem_max = 4194304

 

执行/sbin/sysctl -p 命令，使内核参数生效。

 

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

添加如下内容：

* soft nofile 65536

* hard nofile 65536

root soft nofile 131072

root hard nofile 131072

celladmin soft nproc 2047

celladmin hard nproc 16384

celladmin soft nofile 131072

celladmin hard nofile 131072

 

 

# vi /etc/pam.d/login

添加如下内容：

session required pam_limits.so

 

配置RDS协议

# modprobe rds

# modprobe rds_tcp

# modprobe rds_rdma

 

vi /etc/modprobe.d/rds.conf

添加如下内容:

install rds /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install rds && /sbin/modprobe rds_tcp && /sbin/modprobe rds_rdma

 

关闭防火墙和selinux

# chkconfig iptables off

# service iptables stop

# chkconfig ip6tables off

# service ip6tables stop

同时，修改/etc/selinux/config 文件，将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled

 

重要说明：

存储节点严禁开启防火墙。在Exadata真实环境中，存储节点的防火墙服务是开启的，但未进行任何配置。后期在运维过程中，不要尝试配置存储节点的防火墙服务，因为一些端口的关闭，会导致cellsrv服务无法与MS或RS服务通信。

 

安装Cell软件

1、安装java：

从下载的存储软件V790358-01.zip中，可以解压出nfsimg-12.1.2.3.3-161013-DL180.tar包，进一步解压，会生成cellbits/cellrpms.tbz文件，该文件其实是一个ZIP包，对该文件继续解压，会解压出jdk1.8.0_66-1.8.0_66-fcs.x86_64.rpm.

[root@cell03 tmp]# rpm -ihv jdk1.8.0_66-1.8.0_66-fcs.x86_64.rpm

warning: jdk1.8.0_66-1.8.0_66-fcs.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 1e5e0159: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:jdk1.8.0_66 ########################################### [100%]

Unpacking JAR files...

tools.jar...

plugin.jar...

javaws.jar...

deploy.jar...

rt.jar...

jsse.jar...

charsets.jar...

localedata.jar...

jfxrt.jar...

[root@cell03 tmp]#

 

2、安装cell软件：

从下载的存储软件V790358-01.zip中，进一步解压，会生成cellbits/cell.bin文件，该文件其实是一个ZIP包，对该文件继续解压，会解压出cell的 RPM安装包cell-12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013-1.x86_64.rpm

[root@cell03 tmp]# unzip cell.bin

Archive: cell.bin

warning [cell.bin]: 25582 extra bytes at beginning or within zipfile

(attempting to process anyway)

inflating: cell-12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013-1.x86_64.rpm

[root@cell03 tmp]#

正式安装cell软件：

[root@cell03 tmp]# rpm -ihv cell-12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013-1.x86_64.rpm

error: Failed dependencies:

perl(XML::Simple) is needed by cell-12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013-1.x86_64

[root@cell03 tmp]#

从以上报错信息可以看出，需要依赖perl(XML::Simple)包，这个包可以从安装介质中抽取出来，这个包在cellbits /commonos.tbz文件中，将commonos.tbz文件解压，即可得到perl(XML::Simple)包。

[root@cell03 tmp]# rpm -ihv perl-XML-Simple-2.18-6.el6.noarch.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:perl-XML-Simple ########################################### [100%]

[root@cell03 tmp]# rpm -ihv cell-12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013-1.x86_64.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

Pre Installation steps in progress ...

Host name from hostname comamnd is cell03.oracle.com

Host name to use: cell03.oracle.com

1:cell ########################################### [100%]

Post Installation steps in progress ...

Set cellusers group for /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/cellsrv/deploy/log directory

Set 775 permissions for /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/cellsrv/deploy/log directory

/opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/cellsrv/deploy

Installation SUCCESSFUL.

Done. Please Login as user celladmin, startup RS and MS, then create cell to startup CELLSRV to complete cell configuration.

If this is a manual installation, please stop and restart ExaWatcher to pick up newly installed binaries.

You can run "/opt/oracle.ExaWatcher/ExaWatcher.sh --stop" and then "/opt/oracle.ExaWatcher/ExaWatcher.sh --fromconf" to stop and restart ExaWatcher.

Logout and then re-login to use the new cell environment.

[root@cell03 tmp]#

至此，cell存储软件安装完毕。

 

调试Cell软件

安装完cell软件，在后续启动cell服务的过程中会出现如下一些错误：

错误1:

CellCLI> alter cell restart services all

 

Stopping the RS, CELLSRV, and MS services...

The SHUTDOWN of services was successful.

Starting the RS, CELLSRV, and MS services...

Getting the state of RS services... running

Starting CELLSRV services...

The STARTUP of CELLSRV services was not successful.

CELL-01531: Unable to parse the cellinit.ora file due to incorrect parameters in the file.

Starting MS services...

The STARTUP of MS services was successful.

 

CellCLI>

解决办法：

检查cellinit.ora文件，发现该文件内容为空，可以手动修改该文件，添加如下内容：

ipaddress1=10.0.0.15/24

HTTP_PORT=8888

 

错误2:

Sat Jan 07 03:59:47 2017

CELL process id=5034

CELL host name=cell03.oracle.com

CELL version=12.1.2.3.3,label=OSS_12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013,Fri_Oct_14_02:57:46_PDT_2016

CELLSRV version md5: f13842609a16ff8687fafcec297fc915

OS Stats: Physical memory: 3696 MB. Num cores: 2

CELLSRV configuration parameters:

Cellsrv max memory not set. Total available mem: 3696 MB is less than required minimum: 3891 MB.

Running on simulated hardware in production environment

ocl_si_extent_desc_alloc: Extent descriptor allocation failed. Error:3 (Invalid parameters)

ocl_si_cache_config: SI alloc extent desc failed. num extent:0

Sat Jan 07 03:59:47 2017

[RS] monitoring process /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/cellsrv/bin/cellrsomt (pid: 4992) returned with error: 161

Errors in file /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/log/diag/asm/cell/cell03/trace/svtrc_5034_main.trc (incident=137):

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ocl_sarr_init:zero total number of items], [ocl_sarr.c@174], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

Incident details in: /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/log/diag/asm/cell/cell03/incident/incdir_137/svtrc_5034_main_i137.trc

System state dump completed (with 1 failures)

Sweep [inc][137]: completed

CELLSRV error - ORA-600 internal error

解决办法：

存储节点虚拟机分配的物理内存太小了，增大虚拟机的物理内存，该问题会消失。

注意：

经过大量测试，给虚拟机分配的内存必须超过10000M，否则因为内存问题，除了以上错误之外，还会报各种不同的错误，这里不再列举其它错误信息。

 

错误3:

CellCLI> alter cell restart services all

 

Stopping the RS, CELLSRV, and MS services...

The SHUTDOWN of services was successful.

Starting the RS, CELLSRV, and MS services...

Getting the state of RS services... running

Starting CELLSRV services...

The STARTUP of CELLSRV services was successful.

Starting MS services...

The STARTUP of MS services was not successful.

CELL-01554: MS startup failed for unknown reasons.

 

CellCLI>

alert日志报错信息如下：

Wed Nov 16 11:45:07 2016

[RS] Start service MS failed with error: -74.

Wed Nov 16 11:45:07 2016

[RS] monitoring process /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.1_LINUX.X64_160411/cellsrv/bin/cellrsmmt (pid: 12760) returned with error: 162

Wed Nov 16 11:45:07 2016

[RS] Service MS is no longer present

Errors in file /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.1_LINUX.X64_160411/log/diag/asm/cell/sddxcel06/trace/rstrc_12752_mmt.trc (incident=57):

RS-7445 [Serv MS is absent] [It will be restarted] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] []

Incident details in: /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.1_LINUX.X64_160411/log/diag/asm/cell/sddxcel06/incident/incdir_57/rstrc_12752_mmt_i57.trc

 

Sweep [inc][57]: completed

Wed Nov 16 11:45:07 2016

[RS] Stopped Service MS

解决办法：

修改/opt/oracle/cell/cellsrv/deploy/msdomain/bin/setDomainEnv.sh文件:

将:

JAVA_OPTIONS="-XX:-UseLargePages -XX:ParallelGCThreads=8 -verbose:gc -Xloggc:../log/wls_gc6932.trc -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 .....（内容太多，略）

修改为:

JAVA_OPTIONS="-XX:-UseLargePages -XX:ParallelGCThreads=8 ........（内容太多，略） .......-Dweblogic.ListenPort=8888 -Djava.library.path=/opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/cellsrv/lib -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom"

即将存储软件的库文件路径写入java的环境变量中。

 

错误4:

[RS] Start service CELLSRV failed with error: -63.

Sun Jan 08 09:13:54 2017

RSBK version=12.1.2.3.3,label=OSS_12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013,Fri_Oct_14_02:57:42_PDT_2016

[RS] Started Service RS_BACKUP with pid 10118

Sun Jan 08 09:13:54 2017

[RS] monitoring process /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/cellsrv/bin/cellrsomt (pid: 10115) returned with error: 134

[RS] Monitoring process for service CELLSRV was told not to resuscitate. Disabling monitoring process.

[RS] Kill previous monitoring process for core RS

Sun Jan 08 09:13:54 2017

[RS] Started monitoring process /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/cellsrv/bin/cellrssmt with pid 10132

Sun Jan 08 09:13:54 2017

[RS] Started monitoring process /opt/oracle/cell12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013/cellsrv/bin/cellrsomt with pid 10188

解决办法：

这个故障是由于防火墙未关闭。 OEL6存在一个问题，即chkconfig iptables off 无法关闭防火墙的自动启动功能，即使执行了该命令，当操作系统重启后，还是会自动启动防火墙。

需要将以下命令写入/etc/rc.d/rc.local中：

# chkconfig iptables off

# service iptables stop

# chkconfig ip6tables off

# service ip6tables stop

 

检查cell服务状态：

[root@cell03 ~]# cellcli -e list cell detail

name: cell03

cellVersion: OSS_12.1.2.3.3_LINUX.X64_161013

cpuCount: 2/4

diagHistoryDays: 7

fanCount: 0/0

fanStatus: normal

flashCacheMode: WriteThrough

id: c3043721-8031-4541-8d35-88a7ac489529

interconnectCount: 0

iormBoost: 0.0

ipaddress1: 10.0.0.15/24

kernelVersion: 3.8.13-44.1.1.el6uek.x86_64

makeModel: Fake hardware

memoryGB: 10

metricHistoryDays: 7

offloadGroupEvents:

powerCount: 0/0

powerStatus: normal

releaseImageStatus: success

releaseVersion: 12.1.2.3.3

releaseTrackingBug: 24441458

securityCert: PrivateKey OK

Certificate: Subject CN=cell03.oracle.com,OU=Oracle Exadata,O=Oracle Corporation,L=Redwood City,ST=California,C=US

Issuer CN=cell03.oracle.com,OU=Oracle Exadata,O=Oracle Corporation,L=Redwood City,ST=California,C=US

status: online

temperatureReading: 0.0

temperatureStatus: normal

upTime: 0 days, 0:09

cellsrvStatus: running

msStatus: running

rsStatus: running

[root@cell03 ~]#

[root@cell03 ~]#

可见，cellsrv、MS、RS三个服务都是running状态，说明cell存储软件在虚拟机上配置成功。

建立虚拟的磁盘和闪盘

# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/cell/disks/raw

# cd /opt/oracle/cell/disks/raw

# vi dd.sh

添加如下内容:

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk01 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk02 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk03 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk04 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk05 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk06 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk07 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk08 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk09 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk10 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk11 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=disk12 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=FLASH01 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=FLASH02 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=FLASH03 bs=1M count=1024

dd if=/dev/zero of=FLASH04 bs=1M count=1024

 

 

[root@cell03 raw]# chmod +x dd.sh

[root@cell03 raw]# ./dd.sh

[root@cell03 raw]# rm -rf dd.sh

[root@cell03 raw]# ll

total 16777280

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:28 disk01

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk02

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk03

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk04

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk05

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk06

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk07

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk08

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk09

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk10

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk11

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 disk12

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 FLASH01

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 FLASH02

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 FLASH03

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Jan 6 15:29 FLASH04

[root@cell03 raw]#

执行dd.sh脚本，创建对应的磁盘和闪盘：其中磁盘12块，每块大小为1GB，闪盘4块，每块大小也是1GB。

 

创建celldisk

[root@cell03 raw]# cellcli

CellCLI: Release 12.1.2.3.3 - Production on Fri Jan 06 15:33:57 CST 2017

 

Copyright (c) 2007, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.

 

CellCLI> create celldisk all

CellDisk FD_00_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk FD_01_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk FD_02_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk FD_03_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk01_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk02_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk03_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk04_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk05_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk06_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk07_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk08_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk09_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk10_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk11_cell03 successfully created

CellDisk CD_disk12_cell03 successfully created

 

CellCLI>

 

创建flashlog和flashcache

CellCLI> create flashlog all

Flash log cell03_FLASHLOG successfully created

 

CellCLI> create flashcache all

Flash cache cell03_FLASHCACHE successfully created

 

CellCLI> list flashcache detail

name: cell03_FLASHCACHE

cellDisk: FD_01_cell03,FD_00_cell03,FD_02_cell03,FD_03_cell03

creationTime: 2017-01-06T15:38:12+08:00

degradedCelldisks:

effectiveCacheSize: 3.3125G

id: 5fb44bac-a28a-4881-ba0f-09ff6b8fe023

size: 3.3125G

status: normal

 

CellCLI> list flashlog detail

name: cell03_FLASHLOG

cellDisk: FD_01_cell03,FD_02_cell03,FD_00_cell03,FD_03_cell03

creationTime: 2017-01-06T15:37:48+08:00

degradedCelldisks:

effectiveSize: 512M

efficiency: 100.0

id: 61e9b2fe-8673-4b1f-99f2-aa74b9321490

size: 512M

status: normal

 

CellCLI>

 

创建griddisk

CellCLI> create griddisk all harddisk prefix=DATA, size=700M

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk01_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk02_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk03_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk04_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk05_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk06_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk07_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk08_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk09_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk10_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk11_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk DATA_CD_disk12_cell03 successfully created

 

CellCLI> create griddisk all harddisk prefix=RECO

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk01_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk02_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk03_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk04_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk05_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk06_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk07_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk08_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk09_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk10_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk11_cell03 successfully created

GridDisk RECO_CD_disk12_cell03 successfully created

 

CellCLI>

CellCLI> list griddisk RECO_CD_disk12_cell03 detail

name: RECO_CD_disk12_cell03

asmDiskGroupName:

asmDiskName:

asmFailGroupName:

availableTo:

cachingPolicy: default

cellDisk: CD_disk12_cell03

comment:

creationTime: 2017-01-16T00:03:09+08:00

diskType: HardDisk

errorCount: 0

id: 01d76bee-229d-4cc1-9db4-203050892790

offset: 736M

size: 288M

status: active

 

CellCLI>

CellCLI>